So you are thinking about setting up a saltwater aquarium? It seems every time you enter your local aquarium shop you spend more time admiring those beautiful saltwater fish. You maybe an experienced freshwater aquarist looking for a new challenge. Others may be divers or snorkelers who long to have a miniature version of that coral reef world in their own home. Regardless, marine aquariums can be some of the most rewarding but challenging endeavors in fish keeping. The following are some items to consider before taking the plunge.

Since I am a veterinarian and concerned with the welfare of the animals in our care, a point must be made up front. The majority of freshwater fish available in the aquarium trade are farm-raised and not collected from wild populations. The opposite is true for the majority of saltwater fish available in the retail aquarium trade. Most saltwater fish are captured from coral reefs around the world and shipped to the United States. Since these animals are permanently removed from their natural setting and not allowed continually reproduce, the numbers of certain wild coral reef fishes are being affected. Fortunately, coral reef environments are prolific and can sustain limited harvesting of individuals as long as it is done in a responsible manner. With this in mind it is important to provide the best captive environment possible so these animals can have the best chance of survival if we are going to take them from the wild.

The first thing a potential saltwater aquarist should do is to acquire accurate information on marine aquarium systems and saltwater fish prior to any purchase. There are a number of excellent references available. One of my favorites is The Marine Aquarium Handbook-Beginner to Breeder by Martin A. Moe. This book is often found in aquarium shops or can be ordered through Green Turtle Publications, P.O. Box 17925 in Plantation, Florida 33318. Another source of information can be other aquarists who successfully maintain marine aquariums. Most are willing to share their ideas and opinions if asked.

Once you have acquired some background information on marine systems, now is the time to begin choosing equipment. The variety and complexity of marine aquarium hardware available today can make a beginner's choice difficult. This choice of proper equipment for a beginner's saltwater system is the first place that your previous research will come in handy. It will be unlikely that you will know what an aquarium dealer may be talking about or trying to demonstrate if you do not have at least an introductory level of knowledge. This will also help you not acquire overly technical and usually more expensive equipment that is not really necessary for a basic marine system.

Hopefully this article will help those pondering the choice of going marine. It is not a decision to be made lightly as the expense and time commitment to routine maintenance is greater than for freshwater systems.

Allen C. Riggs, DVM practices at Lower Keys Animal Hospital in Key West. He can be reached at (305) 294-6335.